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Čakovec

Coordinates: 46°23′09″N 16°26′00″E / 46.38583°N 16.43333°E / 46.38583; 16.43333
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Čakovec
City
Grad Čakovec
City of Čakovec
Čakovec Castle
Nikola Zrinski column
Old acacia tree in the city park
Church of Saint Nicholas
Sports Hall
Residential district
Flag of Čakovec
Flag
Coat of arms of Čakovec
Coat of arms
Nicknames: 
Grad Zrinskih
City of Zrinskis
Map
Čakovec is located in Croatia
Čakovec
Čakovec
Location of Čakovec in Croatia
Coordinates: 46°23′10.58″N 16°26′08.57″E / 46.3862722°N 16.4357139°E / 46.3862722; 16.4357139
Country Croatia
CountyMeđimurje
Named afterCsák I Hahót
Government
 • MayorLjerka Cividini (HNS)
Area
[1]
 • City
76.9 km2 (29.7 sq mi)
 • Urban
16.8 km2 (6.5 sq mi)
Elevation
164 m (538 ft)
Population
 (2021)[2]
 • City
27,122
 • Density350/km2 (910/sq mi)
 • Urban
15,078
 • Urban density900/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
HR-40 000
Area code+385 40
Vehicle registrationČK
Highest elevation146 m
Websitecakovec.hr

Čakovec (Croatian pronunciation: [tʃâkoʋets]; Hungarian: Csáktornya; Latin: Aquama; German: Tschakathurn) is a city in Northern Croatia, located around 90 kilometres (56 miles) north of Zagreb, the Croatian capital, and close to the borders with Slovenia and Hungary. Čakovec is both the county seat and the largest city of Međimurje County, the northernmost, smallest and most densely populated Croatian county. It is situated centrally in the lowland part of the region, along the Trnava river.

History

[edit]
World War I cenotaph
Zrinski Castle in 1640

According to the geographer Strabo's reports in the 1st century, today's location of the city of Čakovec was the site of Aquama (wet town) in Roman times and at the time a marshland, a military post and a legionnaire camp.[citation needed]

One popular legend describes a green pozoj (dragon) once dwelling beneath the city and causing natural disasters such as hail and earthquakes, with its head under the castle and its tail under the church, or vice versa. It could only be gotten rid of by a grabancijaš (dark magic student) who would use a golden bridle to control the dragon and ride it out of the city.[3]

The name Čakovec (Hungarian: Csáktornya, German: Csakathurn or Tschakathurn) comes from the first name of the ispán Csák Hahót. With the beginning of the 13th century he erected the timber fortification which was later named Csák's tower (Croatian: Čakov toranj). It was mentioned for the first time in 1328 and the place appeared in the official books in 1333. From 1350 to 1397, it was in the possession of the House of Laczkfy, from 1405 to 1461 of the Counts of Celje and from 1473 to 1540 of the House of Ernušt. The town as well as Međimurje region was at the time part of the Varaždin county.[4]

The period of more significant economic and cultural growth of Čakovec is considered to have started on 15 March 1546, when Nikola IV Zrinski of Szigetvár became the owner of the area.[5] At that time the castle was lavishly decorated, surrounded by a park and sculptures of famous army leaders and monarchs. Duke Juraj IV Zrinski granted privileges to the inhabitants of the Čakovec fortress and its suburbs on 29 May 1579. This was the starting point for Čakovec to become a free market town and the date is celebrated today as "City Day". The Čakovec Castle which was owned by the House of Zrinski between the 16th and the 18th century is known today as the "Zrinski Old Town" (Stari grad Zrinskih) and is considered the main landmark of the city. It is located in the Zrinski Park (Perivoj Zrinskih) only a few steps from the central square.

When count Johann Michael von Althan became the owner of Međimurje in 1719, the next year Čakovec and the whole region was detached from Croatia and included into Zala county (i.e. into the main part of the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary).[6][7][8]

In 1738, the town was devastated by an earthquake, in 1741 by a large fire.[citation needed] At the end of the 18th century, the owners of the town became counts from the Festetics family, and the town was turned into a big estate where industry, crafts and trade developed. In 1848, the ban Josip Jelačić captured Čakovec from the Hungarians and annexed it with Croatia.[citation needed] The first railroad track was built here in 1860 to help connect Budapest with the ports of Fiume and Trieste. Another earthquake hit the town in 1880. The town was connected by railroad with Mursko Središće and Lendava in 1889 and in 1893 electricity was introduced.[citation needed]

The DVD "Čakovečki mlinovi" was founded in 1924, and the DVD "Čateks" in 1946.[9]

Čakovec was the seat of a district (Hungarian: járás) in Zala county of the Kingdom of Hungary until 1918 when it was captured by an armed force on behalf of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. It again became part of Hungary between 1941-45 during World War II, until it was returned on 6 April 1945 by the Soviet Red Army with Marshal Fyodor Tolbukhin in command.[citation needed]

During the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, Čakovec experienced limited military activity. At the beginning of the Ten-Day War in Slovenia in June 1991, a tank column of the JNA advancing from the barracks in Varaždin towards Gornja Radgona was met with resistance from the local population.[10] With the onset of the Croatian War of Independence in September 1991, the JNA barracks in the city were captured by Croatian forces during the Battle of the Barracks[11]. In retaliation, the Yugoslav Air Force launched missile attacks on the nearby Pribislavec airfield on several occassions later that year.[12]

Recent years

[edit]
Vukovar Street in Čakovec

In the late 1990s and throughout the 2000s, several modern buildings were built and opened to the public. In 1999, a brand new fitness complex including four indoor swimming pools was opened as part of "Mladost", the city's sports and recreation complex. In 2003 a renovated sports hall, originally built in the 1970s and belonging to the construction industry high school, was also opened as a part of the center for sports and recreation and hosted several group matches of the 2003 World Women's Handball Championship. Beginning in the late 1990s and early 2000s several large shopping centers and car showrooms emerged in the city, mostly in its northwestern part. Čakovec was rewarded The Green Flower award for the tidiest continental city in Croatia several times.[13] Čakovec is the first city of the former Yugoslavia to have installed completely electronic information spots, located at the Republic Square and the Franciscan Square in the Center and at the Square of Saint Anthony of Padua in the Jug district. Čakovec is known as the city of traffic circles, because, during the late 1990s and early 2000s, all of its traffic lights in the inner part of the city were removed and replaced with traffic circles or rotaries, virtually eliminating traffic jams. Although Čakovec is a small city by global parameters, its large working force which comes from all over the county, its location and importance in the region caused many traffic jams on the crossroads. Čakovec is the home of prominent Croatian punk bands, including Bakterije and Motorno Ulje.

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18575,790—    
18697,002+20.9%
18808,580+22.5%
18909,375+9.3%
190010,815+15.4%
191011,425+5.6%
192113,034+14.1%
193115,108+15.9%
194817,034+12.7%
195318,119+6.4%
196120,676+14.1%
197123,775+15.0%
198127,356+15.1%
199129,996+9.7%
200130,455+1.5%
201127,104−11.0%
202127,122+0.1%
Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2021, DZS

The city administrative area of Čakovec includes the following settlements:[14]

The adjacent villages of Belica, Nedelišće, Pribislavec, Strahoninec and Šenkovec are seats of separate municipalities, although they are all located within 5 km (3 mi) of the city's centre.

At the 2001 census, the city of Čakovec had a population of 15,790 within its limits, which was a slight decrease from the 1991 census, when it was 15,999. With its surrounding suburbs included it had a population of 30,455 at the 2001 census.[citation needed]

The city's present day population primarily consists of ethnic Croats at 93.8%, with the largest minority being Romani at 3.8% of the municipality. Other ethnic groups are Serbs, Hungarians, Slovenes and Albanians.[15]

City of Čakovec: Population trends 1857–2021
v
population
5790
7002
8580
9375
10815
11425
13034
15108
17034
18119
20676
23775
27356
29996
30455
27104
27122
18571869188018901900191019211931194819531961197119811991200120112021
Sources:Croatian Bureau of Statistics publications

Climate

[edit]

Between 1981 and 2019, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station was 39.0 °C (102.2 °F), on 20 July 2007.[16] The coldest temperature was −26.7 °C (−16.1 °F), on 13 February 1985.[17]

Education

[edit]
Teachers' Training College

The city of Čakovec currently has three elementary schools and several secondary schools including a Gymnasium and three high schools that offer education in the fields of technology, crafts, economics and construction. The Teachers' Training College (Croatian: Visoka učiteljska škola) is the city's only institution for higher education that lasts more than 3 years. In recent years, the city opened its own institution of higher education called MEV — Međimursko veleučilište u Čakovcu (Polytechnic of Međimurje in Čakovec), offering 3-year studies (180 ECTS points) in Computer Science and Management of Tourism and Sport. The city is also known for its School of Animated Film (ŠAF - Škola Animiranog Filma), which has been hosting an annual international animated film summer workshop for several decades, bringing world-renowned animators to Čakovec.

Economy

[edit]
Čateks, a textile company
Čakovec-East industrial zone

The city of Čakovec has a highly developed industry and it is the focal point for communication, business, trade and education in the Međimurje County. The economy of the city is based on textile, footwear, food processing and metal plants — in 2023, the total profit of entrepreneurs based in the city accounted to €1.36 billion.[18] The Čakovec-based company TIZ Zrinski is the largest printing and publishing company in the county as well as one of the major such companies in northern Croatia. Many books published in the country are printed in this factory. The city is also a base for several companies engaged in construction, production of building materials, and plastics. Some of the largest companies based in the city include the textile and clothing manufacturers Čateks and Međimurska trikotaža Čakovec (MTČ) as well as the footwear manufacturer Jelen, while the companies Čakovečki mlinovi (milling) and Vajda (meat products) are major fresh food producers in the city. Promming is also one of the biggest factories in Čakovec, it produces metal shelves designed specially for supermarkets.

Sights, facilities and events

[edit]

Most of the historical buildings in Čakovec are located in the town center or in the centrally located Zrinski Park, and the town's historical core has been well preserved. The Čakovec Castle near the park houses a museum with some 17,000 exhibits. Other landmark buildings in the town centre are a palace built in the Vienna Secession style (Secesijska palača), and Saint Nicholas' Church (Crkva Svetog Nikole). The Southern Čakovec (Čakovečki jug) is a relatively new neighborhood, with modern houses and buildings including the Church of Saint Anthony of Padua (Crkva Svetog Antuna Padovanskog) and a new elementary school with a sports hall, outdoor basketball and handball grounds and a running track.[citation needed]

The city has a casino, designed by architect Henrik Böhm.[19]

At the central square there is a library, a theater, a cinema, a large shopping center and a few confectioners' shops and restaurants. Other businesses in the town center are mostly clothing stores, bookshops, electronics stores and finance companies. A hospital and the central bus station are located only a few steps from town centre. The largest hotel in Čakovec is located across the park, about 300–400 meters from the central square, and there is also a smaller one in close proximity of the main square.[20]

  • Eagle on the memorial column
    Eagle on the memorial column
  • Greenery in the city park
    Greenery in the city park
  • King Tomislav Street, a central promenade
    King Tomislav Street, a central promenade
  • Čakovec Castle of the Zrinski family - bird's eye view
    Čakovec Castle of the Zrinski family - bird's eye view
  • Porcijunkulovo manifestation
    Porcijunkulovo manifestation
  • Outdoor swimming pools
    Outdoor swimming pools
  • Church of Saint Anthony of Padua
    Church of Saint Anthony of Padua

Transportation

[edit]
Railway station

The city of Čakovec is easily accessible by road or a railroad track. The road infrastructure is good and includes a new expressway connecting the Hungary border-crossing point in Goričan with Zagreb, Karlovac and the Adriatic Sea coast. There is also a southern bypass which was built in the beginning of the second half of the first decade in the 21st century. The city is connected to local municipalities with an efficient public transportation system. It has two train stations: Čakovec main train station and Čakovec-Buzovec, as well as a central bus station with a taxi rank, located near the central square. In the adjacent village of Pribislavec there's a small sports airport, where an annual aero-meeting takes place, as well as panoramic flights over the city and county in the summer. The airport is located approximately three kilometers east from the downtown.

City districts and neighborhoods

[edit]

The city districts/neighborhoods (Croatian: gradske četvrti/kvartovi) of Čakovec are:
I. Centar
II. Jug
III. Martane
IV. Buzovec
V. Sajmište
VI. Globetka
VII. Špice

Sports

[edit]
SRC Mladost is a multi-purpose stadium

The sports-related activities in the city of Čakovec are mostly centered in its northwestern part, where the center for sports and recreation is located. The center includes a football and athletics stadium with 7,000 places, an indoor hall mostly used for handball, basketball and volleyball matches and a swimming pool complex, where several swimming schools are organized throughout the year.

The local chapter of the HPS is HPD "Železna Gora", which had 36 members in 1936 under the Blaž Ilijanić presidency. At the time, it had a ski section.[21] Membership fell to 27 in 1937.[22]: 241  Membership rose to 30 in 1938.[23]: 241 

Sports clubs

[edit]

International relations

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia
Twin towns columns

Twin towns — Sister cities

[edit]

Čakovec is currently twinned with these cities or municipalities:

Notable people

[edit]
Nikola IV Zrinski
bust of Vinko Žganec in Čakovec
Filip Ude

This list contains some of the notable people who were either born in Čakovec, lived in the city for a longer time or were in some significant way related to it.

Sport

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
  2. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
  3. ^ Marjanić, Suzana (2010). "Dragon and Hero or How to Kill a Dragon on the Example of the Legends of Međimurje about the Grabancijaš and the Dragon" (PDF). Studia Mythologica Slavica. Vol. 13, no. 270. p. 127-150. doi:10.3986/sms.v13i0.1644. Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  4. ^ "Čakovec". Croatian Encyclopedia of the Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute, Zagreb. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  5. ^ Klaić, Vjekoslav (1911). Povjest Hrvata: Od Najstarijih vremena do Svršetka XIX Stoljeća. svezak treći, dio prvi (in Croatian). Zagreb. p. 168.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. ^ Heršak, Emil; Šimunko, Joža (28 December 1990). "Međimurje - history, identity and migrations". Migracijske I Etničke Teme. 6 (4). HRČAK - Portal of Croatian scientific and professional journals, Zagreb: 569–591. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  7. ^ "Međimurje". Croatian Encyclopedia of the Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute, Zagreb. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  8. ^ "Chronology of Međimurje from the 13th to the end of the 19th century". Croatian historical portal - Electronic Journal of History and Related Sciences, Zagreb. Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  9. ^ Jagodin, Nikola; Runjić, Vedran (2022). "Popis vatrogasnih organizacija s datumima osnivanja" [List of Firefighting Organisations with Date of Founding]. Muzej hrvatskog vatrogastva (in Croatian). Archived from the original on 2023-01-30.
  10. ^ Međimurske novine. "Tenk usred Čakovca, nije vojna vježba već spomen obilježje" (in Croatian). Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  11. ^ Škvorc, Đuro (2009). "Zapadna Slavonija uoči i u Domovinskom ratu do studenoga 1991. godine". Časopis Povijesnog društva Križevci (in Croatian). Vol. 11, no. 1. p. 123. Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  12. ^ Općina Pribislavec. "Pribislavec u Domovinskom ratu" (in Croatian). Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  13. ^ List Međimurje. "Čakovec najuređeniji grad kontinentalne Hrvatske" (in Croatian). Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  14. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2011 Census: Čakovec". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  15. ^ "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2011 Census: County of Međimurje". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  16. ^ DHMZ (2022-07-19). "Najviše izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
  17. ^ DHMZ (2022-01-21). "Najniže izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
  18. ^ Medjimurski.hr. "Prema ostvarenoj dobiti poduzetnika Čakovec se nalazi na 14. mjestu!" (in Croatian). Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  19. ^ Bousfield, Jonathan (2007). The Rough Guide to Croatia. Rough Guides. p. 310. ISBN 9781848367920.
  20. ^ eMedjimurje. "CASTELLUM — Ministar otvorio prvi visokokategorizirani čakovečki hotel" (in Croatian). Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  21. ^ Plaček, Josip (1936) [1936-05-15]. ""Željezna Gora" — Čakovac" (PDF). Hrvatski planinar (in Croatian). Vol. 32, no. 7–8. p. 234. ISSN 0354-0650.
  22. ^ Plaček, Josip (1937) [1937-05-05]. "Izvještaj tajnika" (PDF). Hrvatski planinar (in Croatian). Vol. 33, no. 7–8. pp. 221–252. ISSN 0354-0650.
  23. ^ Plaček, Josip (1938) [1938-05-05]. "Izvještaj tajnika" (PDF). Hrvatski planinar (in Croatian). Vol. 34, no. 7–8. pp. 222–254. ISSN 0354-0650.
  24. ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Zrinyi, Miklós, Count (elder)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). p. 1045.
  25. ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Zrinyi, Miklós, Count (younger)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). pp. 1045–1046.
[edit]
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46°23′09″N 16°26′00″E / 46.38583°N 16.43333°E / 46.38583; 16.43333

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